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Fossil versus Git

It still looks _exactly_ the same way as a decade ago (well, there were some CSS tweaks). I used to use it for my own projects until friction overcame my tastes, but I remember one of the things I really didn't like about it was that the web interface was _so_ dated. I love Gitea because it feels a lot like GitHub (and hence I don't have to remember where things are).

Edit: Wow, it supports markdown now? and a forum? OK...

10 minutes agorcarmo

It's missing what's sadly the only important difference:

  Git: Used by everyone else
  Fossil: Not used by everyone else

Everything else is kind of irrelevant. Git is hard to use and awkward to master, but you need to do so anyone to work with everyone else.

I wish it wasn't the case, but network effects are really important. Mercurial was a better DVCS launched around the same time as git but it lost out, not because "worse is better" but the network effects spreading out from the of the linux kernel itself.

2 hours agoxnorswap

Depends on the project and team

There are plenty of situation in which all that matters is that the people actually building are happy with it and a tool that literally nobody else uses would be fine.

Indeed, for many engineering jobs (software and other) in some industries, it's entirely necessary to create new tools and use extremely specialiased. Good people will learn how to use (and build/improve them).

I'd possibly go as far as arguing that a sign of a good team is willingness to aggressively use the right tool for the job even if it is obscure or something they have to build themselves.

Sure, if you're hoping to get traction with an open source JavaScript library… git and github maybe be pre-requisites, but for projects of a certain sort "reach" and "adoption" by other developers are the most important metric. (Though, SQLite has done just fine with Fossil, so there's probably a degree of overstatement in the idea that it anything has to use git / be on Github.)

3 minutes agobarnabee

I never had a good experience with mercurial from memory. Docs and examples weren't as good (not that Git was hugely better, but network effects had more resources available). I remember the CLI commands being a small bit more intuitive but as someone new to DVCS at the time (as most people would have been) - it didn't really do anything special to help new users get a handle on the mental model for how it works. I remember Facebook publicly using / backing it, was surprised they didn't do more to promote it.

2 hours agodueyfinster

Facebook moved from subversion to git around 2008. Some of their teams then switched to mercurial around 2014 (I could be wrong by a couple years here or there). By 2014, git was already the main tool everyone was using —- no amount of backing by a single company would have tilted the scales.

18 minutes agoamenghra

Before being used by everyone else Git was not used by everyone else.

Fossil is used for one of the most deployed embeddable database. Not sure we can call it "irrelevant".

I get what your message is saying, however words have meaning, and being hyperbolic does not help anyone when we try to bring nuances.

> Mercurial was a better DVCS [...]

Totally agree.

2 hours agokreco

I think the massive difference is the number of people using the project vs. contributing to the project. How many people contribute to SQLite vs the Linux kernel. AFAIK not many for the former.

2 hours agokaramanolev

Gt was not successful because of network effects, but more monkey see monkey do imitation that people are prone to. Whatever is used for big projects must be the best, right?

I have recently returned to Fossil for personal stuff. IMO its better than git for one person projects and small teams. It was designed for a small team. What everyone else uses does not really matter for personal stuff. Nor does it matter if you are working with people willing to try something new. Nor does it matter to someone who can take a decision for a team.

It is also very easy to self host.

2 hours agograemep

[dead]

an hour agoszundi

> you need to [use Git] to work with everyone else

Programmers use different operating systems, editors, languages - is there any reason we all have to use the same source control tool? We weren’t doing so before Git came along.

an hour agopansa2

You could make that argument about HTTP, SMTP, Slack, or the English language. It turns out that yes, the actual concrete points of collaborative interaction do need to be standardised to a degree, unless you're thinking of everyone shouting into their particularly flavoured void, with no means of communicating. You can have different clients speaking the same protocol, but you can't have different protocols.

Even before git, you generally had to use what your team was using, or the FOSS project you were trying to contribute to. So it's kind of a moot point.

an hour ago9dev

This is why jj is the only other VCS I have been interested in. Compatibility with Git repos is a requirement for me

an hour agocharlie-83

I disagree that Mercurial was better. For example Git was always much faster.

2 hours agojhasse

I remember that: for repos ~ 1Gb Mercurial just became unusable. It took half of day just to clone the repo.

an hour agomegapoliss

That sounds like y'all may have been storing binary blobs and large files with out the right plugins setup.

29 minutes agobtreecat

>Not used by everyone else

I'm so old that I remember people saying that about Linux, PostgreSQL, and AMD processors ;)

30 minutes agoBSDobelix

Curious why you think Mercurial was a better product. I used it over a decade ago (coming off SVN) and it seemed to use a lot of similar concepts.

an hour agonahname

I’ve used GitHub and never learned the underlying mechanisms.

It’s not that big of a deal with a good UI. Reality is you just use whatever the people that pay you use.

2 hours agogrebc

I used Mercurial before switching to git. The positive difference from switching was how branches worked. I don’t know the technical details but branches on git felt “lighter” to use and maintain than with Mercurial.

an hour agofrenzcan

Mercurial introduced bookmarks,it was something similar to git branches. But it was already too late, GitHub and Linus' weight did the rest.

an hour agoyomismoaqui

Bookmarks was there, like in 2012, but no one bothered to read the docs, and everyone continue to use heavy, non removable branches.

an hour agomegapoliss

> Mercurial was a better DVCS launched around the same time as git but it lost out, not because "worse is better" but the network effects spreading out from the of the linux kernel itself.

Yeah. I was using Mercurial and, reluctanctly, had to switch to Git. Now don't get me wrong: I was forced to use both CVS and SVN in a thankfully very distant past so I love Git. But I do miss Mercurial. We switched exactly for the reason you mentioned: Git simply won the market.

Git won, Magit is awesome. Then all the Github and whatnots. It's Git, Git and Git.

And never bet against Linus, either: the world runs on Linux (and that's a good thing) and every tech company in the world uses Git. That's just how it is.

Mercurial was a tiny bit better but not that much better that it'd compensate for the entire ecosystem and people gravitating towards Git.

an hour agoTacticalCoder
[deleted]
24 minutes ago

"Fossil has inbound and outbound Git conversion features, so if you start out using one DVCS and later decide you like the other better, you can easily move your version-controlled file content."

an hour agoteekert

Git didn’t win because of Linux. It won because of Github.

an hour agolifetimerubyist

And on top of that agents know git far better than fossil.

Maybe it is true that name is destiny after all.

2 hours agodist-epoch

Mercurial was not better. Features like rebase /squash are not native to mercurial (even though they since added extensions for this) and the tool had a very rigid view of the commit history. I had all my projects on Mercurial for several years after using SVN, because it felt more similar to SVN and I had no mental concept of why you'd ever want something so crazy as "rebase" - commit histories looked the way I always remembered them looking with SVN, with tons of tiny commits like "fix comma", "fix syntax", and no steady concept of a commit hash linked to a complete, working change, because that was something I had never seen before. Basically I just didn't get it.

Today my workflow is based on git + gerrit code review (which is heavily based around git), or in other areas github pull requests, and there is no such thing as a series of little commits that all hodge-podge together to form a particular change to the code, we tailor changes to be perfect, we push -f to keep each commit in the series to be a full and CI-tested story of a change, then we squash-merge them. My use with git is 100% all day things that were impossible with Mercurial back when I used it, if there are extensions for these things now, they are afterthoughts, git understood these concepts from the beginning.

an hour agozzzeek

hg sees history as useful metadata, and therefore you shouldn't dress it up artificially.

git allows for folks to be Pinky's out with their commit history for warm an fuzzies.

If you think editing history is a grand idea that should be used regularly (like with rebase) then I already know you likely haven't been responsible for large mature code base. Where you'd rather have every comment, change and scrap of info available to understand what you're trying to maintain because the folks before you are long gone.

24 minutes agobtreecat

As a native son of git, I’m curious what the idiomatic way to maintain a patched fork was without rebase? Would you simply have your “patched” branch and merge in upstream changes as they arrive?

34 minutes agojamwil

> Everything else is kind of irrelevant. Git is hard to use and awkward to master, but you need to do so anyone to work with everyone else.

People will call me crazy, but you can tell Claude Code what you need with Git on your local repo and it will spit out the terminal incantations, you can also... tell it to run them after you read them.

2 hours agogiancarlostoro

> Git provides file versioning services only, whereas Fossil adds an integrated wiki, ticketing & bug tracking, embedded documentation, technical notes, a web forum, and a chat service [...]

I like the idea of having all of those within the actual VCS, mostly because with Git you need centralized services like GitHub to provide that.

But I have to ask: Is it really a good idea? Seems like feature creep motivated by the wants of a single project (SQLite).

All of those could be (albeit awkwardly) backed with a git repo and a cron job. Wiki? Just make a repo with a bunch of Markdown or this-week's-favorate-markup-language files. Ticketing & bug tracking? Again, just a Markdown file for every ticket. Embedded documentation & technical notes? Those are just special wiki pages with different attributes. Forum and chat service? Do you want your VCS to do that? I get being able to hyperlink between files and conversations, but still.

2 hours agoe-topy

I want it embedded in git simply to break the hold Github has. We have this fantastic distributed fault-tollerant dvcs that gets funneled though at worse 1 service, at best maybe 3 or 4.

I'd love to clone a repo and be able to view all the reasoning behind commits with the context of issues too. I know the commit message should cover this but sometimes it doesn't, or its too much context, or the context is limited to the opinion of the committer. I think all that information is relevant to projects and should have some chance to live alongside it. Stuff like git-bug exists, but then you still need participation from other people.

I really love the idea of radicle.xyz which is git + p2p + issues & patches (called `COB` - collaborative objects) all in your repo but getting the buy-in of the wider population seems extremely difficult, if not impossible. I think part of the attraction here specifically is nostalgia for me, it feels like its invoking the 90s/00s where it was all a big mesh network, information wanted to be free and you couldn't stop the signal.

Fossil also seems cool but the rest of the world is tied to git and I'm tied to jj now. I guess I really wish git themselves [sic] would push something forward, I think that's the only way it would really get broad acceptance. Forges could adopt it and try and special-sauce parts but still let you push/pull "COB"s.

an hour agoGCUMstlyHarmls

> Stuff like git-bug exists, but then you still need participation from other people.

The plan is to 1) finish the webUI and 2) accept external auth (e.g. github OAuth). Once done, anyone can trivially host publicly their own forge and accept public contribution without any buy-in effort. Then, if user wants to go native they just install git-bug locally.

an hour agomichaelmure

"Feature creep" is hard to characterize. If the project needs and uses it, is it really "feature creep"?

Or, from Wikipedia, "The definition of what qualifies as "feature creep" varies among end users, where what is perceived as such by some users may be considered practical functionality by others." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_creep

Hipp (the original SQLite author) also developed his own parser generator (Lemon) and his own editor (e). The former is also used by other projects.

Where do you store the different attributes? In the file-system? How do you manage consistency? Why put up with awkward cron solutions when you have a fully ACID database system right there to work with, which is portable across OSes, including ones which don't have cron?

If it helps any, don't think of it as a VCS but as an SCM system - one which includes version control.

an hour agoeesmith

I prefer not to have strict version control over the entire state of all work tickets. It sort of adds friction.

2 hours agohahahahhaah

The infrastructure around fossil and jujitsu are missing. Git isn't the best but network effects matter. For example, we use jenkins at work and there is no plugin for fossil or jujitsu. Every customer we have uses git so we can't even propose fossil. Even though we might use only 10 git commands, those commands are universally known by all to work if something goes wrong. It isn't sufficient to say that fossil or jujitsu are better. The ecosystem and mindshare for an alternative DVCS is significantly lacking unfortunately.

an hour agoshane_kerns

I spent some time working with jujitsu and found it relatively pleasant... except it doesn't seem at all ready for collaborative use beyond a single working folder.

Sharing the repo state seems impossible without going through the (somewhat painful) multi-step process to tag and push commits into git, and you lose all of the value that jujitsu actually adds (e.g. no evolog, no saved conflicts, no anonymous commits). There is no sharing solution beyond this - no way for me to work on the same working state in two locations beyond rsync the entire folder tree, which is no solution.

A SCM in 2026 that only works locally without being a clunky way of talking to git doesn't seem like a solution ready for prime-time. Maybe the google-internal-only backend systems work better.

My main other pain points were a) zero integration with pre-commit hooks and zero ideas how to do so (yes, CI does this, but it's nice to get all the auto-formatting and sanity checks without pushing, waiting, pulling new commits), and b) Automatically picking up all changes is great except when it doesn't work in which case it is _horrible_ and takes manual unpicking at best. Remembered to add something to .gitignore before doing something in the working directory? Great! Just never ever try to checkout a commit from before you added the .gitignore because now it's permanently absorbed into the repo. Also, if you every accidentally have a secret in your repo directory then that's also permanently in there, as far as I can tell there is no way to manually verify that things are purged and all the commentary on the jujitsu discussion forums were "Just avoid doing this in the first place".

37 minutes agomisnome

> Git isn't the best but network effects matter.

I think this assertion is too vague and arguably wrong. It's unclear which traits would lead a Git alternative to be claimed as better, and even if those traits, if they exist, are relevant. It's also unclear if the tradeoffs of switching tooling away from Git are worth whatever hypothetical benefit there is to be had.

I would make the bold claim that Git is undoubtedly better than any conceivable alternative, and state that the network effect is a consequence and not a side-effect. Anyone is free to try to argue against it by pointing out concrete arguments.

an hour agolocknitpicker

Git is only better in the same sense that Windows is better than Linux. I really need the tools I use that only run on Windows. I prefer Linux for a lot of things, including daily web development, but the experience of developing Unreal Engine on Linux is lacking. I love fossil and the many features it provides in itself and would use it for everything, except that it doesn't have (working) Intellij plugin for integration, a good GitHub alternative, etc.

an hour agobrobdingnagians

I was tinkering with writing my own .git parser recently, and I couldn't help thinking "this could've been an sqlite db".

I found https://github.com/chrislloyd/git-remote-sqlite as a way to achieve git-on-sqlite, which works by registering itself as a git "remote" helper.

Amusingly there exists a "Why SQLite Does Not Use Git" article (https://sqlite.org/whynotgit.html), but there is no corresponding "Why Git Does Not Use SQLite".

an hour agoRetr0id

> "Why Git Does Not Use SQLite"

For one, you probably don't want your git repo permanently corrupted if you happen to be running it over an NFS mount.

There is a lot of value in "scattered write-once files" as a storage mechanism.

34 minutes agomisnome

Well the big difference is that an sqlite db has to be running. Git repos just exist as long as the files are on disk, which I think is a mental model people are very used to by now.

an hour agoconartist6

No, the whole magic of sqlite is that it is also just file-on-disk.

an hour agoRetr0id

Huh I didn't know that. Thanks for the correction.

an hour agoconartist6

Sqlite does not have a server component (although there may be other projects that do provide sqlite as a server). Sqlite files are also just files on the disk.

an hour ago_flux

> 2.6 One vs. Many Check-outs per Repository

For practical cases `git worktree` allows to have multiple checkouts. Document marks this section as "partly disputed" with an external link. IMHO git worktrees has the same ergonomics as in fossil. This section kinda discredits the rest of the article.

14 minutes agobvrmn

I would not want to use fossil at work and I do not know if it could handle projects of that size. Would require manyears of rewriting tools that would not be realistic.

For my hobby projects I have used fossil for several years. It works great and I do not miss anything from git. It's simpler and just nicer to use.

If nothing else I felt like using the same version control system for over 10 years was getting boring. Needed something new to play with. See things from a new perspective. Like playing with a new programming language now and then, even when it is something I do not expect to get much real use out of.

38 minutes ago1313ed01

fossil is really cool for the simple fact that you get your issues, tickets and wiki all stored in an SQLite DB. Feels neat and I wish I had more occasions to use it.

2 hours agoNeutralForest

What do yoh mean by PR? Fossil does not do PRs/MRs/CRs or any code review flow.

2 hours agoq3k

Yes indeed, I updated to the right terminology.

an hour agoNeutralForest

> Commit first

pre-commit hooks?

Also, what are they talking about with "POSIX systems", is this a really old SCM? I've been using git natively on Windows for so many years, I don't remember how many.

Either way, any new SCM needs to interoperate or easily convert git repos if it wants mass adaption. I don't think git is programmatic enough, it can get really obese really fast (even with pruning/gc), it would be great if client-side "plugins" were a thing pushed by remotes (for things like secret scanning, linting), and I do agree that something like sqlite as a back-end would suit it better for performance. I would want newer gits to really be thought as more than an SCM. People are using it to manage all kinds of state. You can run countries with the dam thing! :), and some are trying.

I've thought about distributed-ledgers using git too, with or to replace block-chains.

23 minutes agonotepad0x90

Fossil has some really nice ideas (although I don't like the feature bloat), but when I tried to use it I ran into so many issues and/or bugs. With git on the other hand I can't remember ever hitting a bug in decades.

I don't really like git that much, but it works pretty well most of the time.

40 minutes agotex0

Fossil is my goto Customer Documentation tool, Code, Wiki etc all in one file that i can give to the Customer.

However for pure Code/Bin-repos....i miss Bitkeeper :-(

34 minutes agoBSDobelix

We use mercurial and are happy with it. I hope we never move to git, but I can see us eventually moving to whatever is next.

an hour agojgalt212

[flagged]

2 hours agonacozarina

Your alternative is... what exactly? A unique and baroque file format for each application (see: Git)? Folders of JSON or markdown files which are slow, easily corrupted, and lack indexing? Depend on some memory-heavy external DB service like Postgres?

In most cases, embedding SQLite is the best solution. And that is exactly what it was designed for.

an hour agoevv

If you only knew how much SQLite is used...

* Apple Mail ( "~/Library/Mail/V5/MailData/Envelope Index" )

* Legacy database in Android

* Firefox, Thunderbird

* Google Chrome, Edge

It is quick, simple, reliable and have enough performance for it's use case. Instead of using text files or develop own database formats.

an hour agoxaerise

This is the single worst project to make that comment.

an hour agoekjhgkejhgk

tbh I don't think that really counts when it is a tool made by the sqlite developer.

2 hours agoerk__

sqlite is not a heavyweight database, it's a fopen() wrapper